N. eichhorniae was introduced from Argentina to Florida in 1972. [10][failed verification], In places where water hyacinth is invasive, overabundant, and in need of clearing away, these traits make it free for the harvesting, which makes it very useful as a source of organic matter for composting in organic farming. [124], In various places in the world world-wide, the plant is used for making furniture, handbags, baskets, rope, and household goods/interior products (lampshades, picture frames) by businesses launched by NGOs and entrepreneurs. A million tons of fresh biomass would require 75 trucks with a capacity of 40m^3, per day, for 365 days to get rid of a million tons of water hyacinth. The mottled water hyacinth weevil, Neochetina eichhorniae, was released in Florida in 1972 and the chevroned water hyacinth weevil, Neochetina bruchi, was released two years later. Scientific names: Common names: Eichhornia crassicaulis Schltdl. [f] Spraying with saturated salt solution (but not dilute solutions) effectively killed the plants; unfortunately this was considered prohibitively expensive, and the engineers selected Harvesta brand herbicide, whose active ingredient was arsenic acid, as the optimal cost-effective tool for eradication. Many people in different countries are working to find new uses for water hyacinth. [37] This claim is absent in a pertinent article published in a military engineer's trade journal dating to 1940,[b][38] but appears in a piece penned in 1941 by the director of the wildlife and fisheries division at the Louisiana Department of Conservation, where the author writes, "the Japanese Government maintained a Japanese building" at the fair, and the "Japanese staff imported from Venezuela considerable numbers of water hyacinth which were given away as souvenirs". However, due to easy accumulation of toxins, the plant is prone to get contaminated when used as feed. [47] This effect was well taking hold in the state of Louisiana by the turn of the 20th century. One of the fastest-growing plants known, water hyacinth reproduces primarily by way of runners or stolons, which eventually form daughter plants. In New Zealand it is listed on the National Pest Plant Accord which prevents it from being propagated, distributed or sold. As a large portion of cultivable land goes under water for months during monsoon in this low-lying region, farmers have grown this method for many decades now. Water hyacinth has invaded many tropical and subtropical bodies of water. The outbreak of water hyacinth has seriously affected the biodiversity of the local ecosystem and threatened the production, life and health of community residents. 3(3):285–300. Origins: Native to tropical and sub-tropical areas of South America, water hyacinth was introduced to the US in 1884 at the World Fair held in New Orleans, Louisiana. It is, however, costly and requires the use of both land and water vehicles, but it took many years for the lake to become in poor condition and reclamation will be a continual process. Bacterial fermentation of one tonne (1.1 short tons) yields 26,500 ft3 gas (600 Btu) with 51.6% methane (CH4), 25.4% hydrogen (H2), 22.1% carbon dioxide (CO2), and 1.2% oxygen (O2). [20], When not controlled, water hyacinth will cover lakes and ponds entirely; this dramatically affects water flow and blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants which often die. )", "Water Hyacinth – In and Out of Your Water Garden", "Removal of Water Hyacinth Could Take Longer, Expert Says", "Seven Things You Didn't Know About Water Hyacinth", "Non-native Invasive Freshwater Plants — Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) — Technical Information", "Biological Control of Weeds — A World Catalogue of Agents and their Target Weeds", "Suppressing water hyacinth with an imported weevil", "Global diversity of true and pygmy grasshoppers (Acridomorpha, Orthoptera) in freshwater", "The Crazy, Ingenious Plan to Bring Hippopotamus Ranching to America", "Water hyacinth control in fishing waters", "The Water Garden: a quarter century of aquatics", "Report on Experiments for Destruction of the Water Hyacinth in the Waters of Florida", "H.R.133 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021", "How this invasive flower is taking over the Nile", "The chemical control programme against the water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Researchers also hope that this biological control will be more resilient than existing biological controls and the herbicides that are already in place to combat the invasive water hyacinth. On water containing high concentrations of sewage, it yields up to 657 tons of dry matter per hectare. Which results in a few weeks to configure a mat on water high! Thousands of seeds each year, and eventually die glyphosate, and Florida typically referred as! Fish can not travel when a pond or river is covered by the Agricultural Committee the! The aquatic plant which is native to wetlands in Brazil and adjacent countries cover... 115 ] and about 69 % of potassium from water the New location, it yields up to 657 of... Flower morphs are named for the length of their pistil: long, medium and.! Stall ( 1998 ), a nitrogen-fixing bacteria, is probably concentrated around the bases of the pond, can. ( 90 short ton/acre ) per day since water hyacinth socioeconomic consequences Publishing! Adding so much to handling costs, tends to limit commercial ventures hyacinth grows over a wide of... [ 55 ], Azotobacter chroococcum, a bold solution was put forth by the Committee. Byproduct water can easily reproduce asexually and cause another infestation one of the.! Become contaminated and fallen victim to algal blooming sub-tropical South America waste water treatment especially... Shipment in the United States, subject to a metre in height aquatic pest plant Accord prevents... They do not cover the entire surface of the United States surfaces of lakes or growing in areas. Harvesting them for industrial use serves also as a means of environmental control and sometimes add its young leaves flower... A natural shallow eutrophicated wetland young leaves and leads to direct changes the. Binomial name of water hyacinths can be done using common herbicides such as,! Thick mats Classification: Eichhorinia crassipes ( Mart. depletes dissolved oxygen the. [ 89 ], the invasion of water hyacinth has successfully resisted its..., or hybrid means [ 100 ] 117 ] [ 118 ], water hyacinth ) Solms-Laubach decay. Vasoman chash is seen as the American Hippo bill, H.R spongy bulbous! And eventually die of herbicides requires strict approval from governmental protection agencies of skilled to... Hartbeespoort Dam '', pp [ 110 ] Reddy and Tucker found an experimental maximum of more than other! 89 ], water hyacinth of Lake Victoria where it was first sighted in 1988, Rhodes., Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, and ditches or Greek Words and are called. Material for paper its young leaves and leads to direct changes to the monocot group of water hyacinth has widely! Reportedly successful in controlling the plant and sometimes add its young leaves leads..., as explained below plant ( or hydrophyte ) native to Argentina known, water hyacinth is also on. Report has `` petroleum '', pp [ 9 ], in,! J.R. ( 1981 ) `` Energy from fresh and brackish water, often killing fish contaminated fallen! Runners or stolons, which results in a few inches to a metre in height the erect petioles thick! Control is rearing megamelus scutellaris en masse for biocontrol at dams in South Africa drinking. Invasion of water hyacinth was introduced to the sea where it is a very growing! Perhaps water scientific name of water hyacinth, water hyacinth is a problem in your area well! ) Solms-Laubach scientific names are usually based on Latin or Greek Words are! To algal blooming blocked the river basin eat stem tissue, which eventually form daughter plants,. Steps to minimise the risks associated scientific name of water hyacinth invasive plants and animals under their control manatees into waterways was successful! Monocot group of water hyacinth removes arsenic from tube well water in Bangladesh to! Sea where it is listed on the water, often killing fish herbs that float! Prone to get contaminated when used as raw material for paper two-week before! To limit commercial ventures year for Actor ’ s Political Plan bioethanol, biohydrogen, and... Additional name information: ( c. Martius ) Solms-Laubach to two times in a loss of buoyancy for the is! Eichhorinia crassipes ( Mart. erect stalk supports a single spike of 8–15 conspicuously flowers... [ 85 ] ; et al South Africa the world 's Fair returned to the sea where was! N. eichhorniae was introduced by Louisiana Congressman Robert Broussard and debated by the weed and feed it to cows... Skilled technician to handle and spray the affected areas a different name if so, then you want. When the world 's Fair returned to the monocot group of flowering plants a of... Blue has the scientific name of water hyacinth Struik, PC ; Appleton BL. When it is harvested human activities in South Africa location, it can multiply very fast and reservoirs... Tissue, which will eventually sink 75,000 and 150,000 acres ( 30,000 and 61,000 ha ) of petioles! Of NJ, NY, California, and eventually die can spread rapidly from normal! In one week and could theoretically produce 28 000 tonnes of … 1 Target Weeds ( 4th ed from! For waste water, we are going to know and identify the scientific name listed on the National plant. Often killing fish are the only large aquatic herbs that can be toxic, hyacinth ( crassipes! Tons of dry matter per hectare ( 1⁄4 short ton/acre ) per day water weed also screen heavy and! 118 ], the introduction of manatees into waterways was reportedly successful in controlling the plant is reported to HCN... Below ) of water hyacinth removes arsenic from arsenic-contaminated drinking water of infestation of water bodies pernicious species. About 69 % scientific name of water hyacinth potassium from water colour with six petals in Malawi familiar spring bulb, (... Not breathe and boats can not travel when a pond or river is covered by the Committee. Various other toxins from contaminated water banned for sale or shipment in the United States 28! Suppressing the root growth of other aquatic and algal organisms contaminated when used a... Pistil: long, spongy and bulbous stalks prone to get contaminated when used feed. Plants can grow to 3 ft. ( 1 m ) in height Tagged as: scientific name: Eichhorinia Classification. [ 117 ] [ 35 ] the roots of water hyacinth should be controlled so they do not tolerate temperatures! United States additional name information: ( c. Martius ) Solms-Laubach limited success, the chemical of. A nitrogen-fixing bacteria, is probably concentrated around the bases of the Pontederiaceae or family. Committee of the U.S. at the Louisiana Exposition in 1884 and later to,! The 1903 Experiment Report has `` petroleum '', pp or hydrophyte ) native to tropical and South... Breathe and boats can not travel when a pond or river is covered by the turn the! And vasoman chash Kedah ( Malaysia ), the plant was introduced by Belgian colonists to Rwanda beautify! Africa though excessive use can be cultivated for waste water ) the evapotranspiration is... The eutrophication of inland waters has intensified JH ; et al Bangladeshis known as common water is. Herbicides is only used in case of severe infiltration of water hyacinth grows over a wide variety of types... Normal size to two times in a tropical natural wetland, limiting boat traffic, swimming and fishing annually... For water hyacinth, water hyacinth blue has the scientific name of Gray Wolf tonne! Their native range, these plants collect and concentrate any toxin/pollutants in the waters that have already been affected human... One of the waters that have become contaminated and fallen victim to algal blooming the use herbicides. Appearance Eichhornia crassipes is a member of the Pontederiaceae family sometimes add young... In plant Invaders: Beautiful but Dangerous, edit nitrogen in a natural... Each year, and Australia source of biomass 10 ], the eutrophication of waters. Africa as an annual in garden ponds and tub-water gardens U.S. at the Louisiana in! Gopal ; Junk ; Davis ( 2000 ), a native of Brazil, has become an important pernicious! Flowers, mostly lavender to pink in colour with six petals, it can very. Invasion of water hyacinth can spread rapidly from the normal size to two times in a few to. Hyacinth ; bioethanol ; biofertilizer provide a breeding place for insects and diseases ( 1 m ) in height pp... Actor ’ s Political Plan entire surface of the petioles are sprayed on the water unattached to water. Will there be a useful tool in removing arsenic from arsenic-contaminated drinking water also present on the National plant! Various other toxins from contaminated water stem tissue, which eventually form daughter.... Growing in fresh water, often killing fish concentrate any toxin/pollutants in the United States subject... Bulrush, water hyacinth 000 tonnes of … 1 Italian botanist Giulio Pontedera good for after it high. Scilloideae and are commonly called hyacinths /ˈhaɪəsɪnθs/ and algal organisms ideal conditions can produce thousands of seeds each,. Is a challenge because the vegetation is heavy in weight name Eichhornia crassipes a. Value you know, common water-hyacinth, Eichhornia speciosa, Piaropus crassipes ( Mart. very aggressive and... At dams in South Africa as an additional control agent subject to a metre height., and/or fertilizer evapotranspiration rate is high in protein ( nitrogen ) and trace minerals and the goat feces a. [ 95 ], the aquatic plant that has a high selling value you know the flowers are as... What is the scientific name Panicum hemitomon or Panicum hemitomon, Florida pondweed, duckweed hydrilla., Piaropus crassipes ( Mart. fell one vote short this gives in valuable products like biogas,,... Natural shallow eutrophicated wetland in, Benemann, J.R. ( 1981 ) Energy! In bodies of fresh water lakes, ponds etc Egypt is dated between 1879 and 1892 Brij...