Most northern constellations date to antiquity, with names based mostly on Classical Greek legends. Special Issue: Preliminary Program of the XXVth GA in Sydney, July 13–26, 2003 Information Bulletin n° 91", http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/extra/constellations.html, "Forest for the Trees – Why We Recognize Faces & Constellations", "History of the Constellations and Star Names – D.4: Sumerian constellations and star names? By the 2nd century CE, Claudius Ptolemaus (aka. [28] The term Mazzaroth מַזָּרוֹת‎, translated as a garland of crowns, is a hapax legomenon in Job 38:32, and it might refer to the zodiacal constellations. It’s also important to note that colloquial usage of the word “constellation” does not generally differentiate between an asterism and the area surrounding one. Mesopotamian constellations appeared later in many of the classical Greek constellations. Equirectangular plot of declination vs right ascension of stars brighter than apparent magnitude 5 on the Hipparcos Catalogue, coded by spectral type and apparent magnitude, relative to the modern constellations and the ecliptic. The Flamsteed designation of a star, for example, consists of a number and the genitive form of the constellation name. It is on the celestial equator and can … [4] It is roughly based on the traditional Greek constellations listed by Ptolemy in his Almagest in the 2nd century and Aratus' work Phenomena, with early modern modifications and additions (most importantly introducing constellations covering the parts of the southern sky unknown to Ptolemy) by Petrus Plancius (1592, 1597/98 and 1613), Johannes Hevelius (1690) and Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (1763),[47][48][49] who named fourteen constellations and renamed a fifteenth one. [32] Nonspecific Chinese star names, later categorized in the twenty-eight mansions, have been found on oracle bones from Anyang, dating back to the middle Shang dynasty. The 1603 star atlas "Uranometria" of Johann Bayer assigned stars to individual constellations and formalized the division by assigning a series of Greek and Latin letters to the stars within each constellation. [10] Evidence of these constellations has survived in the form of star charts, whose oldest representation appears on the statue known as the Farnese Atlas, based perhaps on the star catalogue of the Greek astronomer Hipparchus. Members of the Inca civilization identified various dark areas or dark nebulae in the Milky Way as animals and associated their appearance with the seasonal rains. In the Ptolemaic Kingdom, native Egyptian tradition of anthropomorphic figures represented the planets, stars, and various constellations. Another ten have the same stars but different names.[23]. Before astronomers delineated precise boundaries (starting in the 19th century), constellations generally appeared as ill-defined regions of the sky. Technically, star groupings are known as asterisms, and the practice of locating and assigning names to them is known as asterism. The aim of this system is area-mapping, i.e. It was during the middle Bronze Age (ca. The boundaries developed by Delporte used data that originated back to epoch B1875.0, which was when Benjamin A. Gould first made his proposal to designate boundaries for the celestial sphere, a suggestion on which Delporte based his work. Further improvements were made during the later part of the Ming dynasty by Xu Guangqi and Johann Adam Schall von Bell, the German Jesuit and was recorded in Chongzhen Lishu (Calendrical Treatise of Chongzhen period, 1628). Different groupings and different names were proposed by various observers, some reflecting national traditions or designed to promote various sponsors. Who were the first people to spot them? Astronomical observations conducted in the Zhanguo period (5th century BCE) were later recorded by astronomers in the Han period (206 BCE – 220 CE), giving rise to the single system of classic Chinese astronomy. The IAU list is also based on the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy in his Almagest, with early modern modifications and additions by subsequent astronomers – such as Petrus Plancius (1552 – 1622), Johannes Hevelius (1611 – 1687), and Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (1713 – 1762). Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Some astronomical naming systems include the constellation where a given celestial object is found to convey its approximate location in the sky.

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