Conducting interview studies can be very costly as well as very time-consuming. (1) In terms of cost, energy and time, the interview approach poses a heavy demand. 1.1 How do social workers know what to do? Should the respondent fail to understand the question, the interviewer may advisedly repeat it slowly and with proper emphasis. The interviewers often have strong expectations from respondents and as such, stereotypes are likely to come into play during the interview. If the respondent’s answer is vague or diffuse or incomplete, effective probe questions should be asked. Within the limits of a study-design, there is some room for the art of interviewing to come into play. Survey research also tends to be a reliable method of inquiry. 4 Examples of strengths. Secondly, it is not always possible for the interviewer to judge whether the interview atmosphere is how it should ideally be and whether or not ‘rapport’ has been established. Paraphrasing the replies, summarizing them in one’s own words or “polishing up” any slang or cursing etc., not only might distort the respondent’s meanings and emphases but also miss the tenor of his replies. It is also possible that the interviewer’s presence may inhibit free responses because there is no anonymity. It is possible that a small proportion of respondents will be suspicious or hostile and the large number may require a little encouragement and persuasion. I am not at all suggesting that such a perspective makes any sense. The interviewer can also change the subject by observing informant’s reactions or give explanations if the interviewee needs them. To make the list of strengths and weaknesses more specific for you, we list here some examples of strengths. They often answer, ‘do not know’ just to avoid thinking about the question, they misinterpret the question, divert the process of interview by launching off an irrelevant discussion or they give self-contradictory answers. Of Course, their effects can be reduced by standardizing the interview so that the interviewer has as little free choice as possible. In so far as bias, in the sense of different interviewers not returning exactly the same responses from equivalent respondents, can never be totally eliminated, the main responsibility of the director of the research project is to select, train and supervise his staff in such a way that any net result of bias will be at a minimum. For example, the respondent’s answers can be affected by his reaction to the interviewer’s race, class, age or physical appearance. TOS 7. For example, if the interviews are conducted at their homes during the day, a majority of informants will be housewives. So far the interview has been going well, and you've just been asked, "What is your greatest weakness?" Interviewer’s approach should be positive. (1) The personal interviews, compared especially to questionnaires usually yield a high percentage of returns. First, surveys are an excellent way to gather lots of information from many people. Disclaimer 9. (7) The personal interview usually takes more time. Known as the interviewer-“bias”, it refers to systematic differences from interviewer to interviewer or occasionally systematic errors on the part of the interviewers in the selection of the samples (e.g., in quota sampling where the selection of interviewees is left to the interviewers), in asking questions, eliciting and recording responses. It should be noted that even the most skilled interviewer will not be able to collect valid and useful data, if the schedule of questions is inadequate or unrelated to the objectives of research. The interviewer can ask the subject to wait until the interviewer has written the last thought but this may slow down the interview and may have certain adverse effects. Even assuming an unbiased selection of respondents, bias in the interview-situation may stem from two sources: (a) Respondent’s perception of the interviewer. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Identify and explain the strengths of survey research, Identify and explain the weaknesses of survey research. If an interviewer has a certain bias, he may unconsciously devise questions so as to secure confirmation of his views. If so desired and warranted group discussions may also be held. Conducting the Interview- the questions should be asked as worded for all respondents in order to avoid misinterpretation of the question. One final point related to successful interviewing is, how to minimize bias introduced by the interviewer. Welcome to a make-or-break career moment, and the toughest question in the interview process. (10) The interviewer may catch the informant off his guard and thus secure the most spontaneous reactions than would be the case if mailed questionnaire were used. This ever-popular interview question is many an interviewer’s go-to way to kick off the interview, so practice your response ahead of time. Plagiarism Prevention 4. No matter how standardized the schedule and how rigidly the interviewer is instructed, he still has much opportunity to exercise freedom of choice during the actual interview. Copyright 10. The interviewer should introduce himself briefly and explain clearly the purpose of his study. Data science is an evolving field and the above five profiles are just some representative profiles in the current scenario. Through subsequent stages, the interviewer’s art consists in asking questions properly and intelligently, in obtaining a valid and meaningful response and in recording the responses accurately and completely.

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