This is believed to be due to the habitat preferences of the species. Doing your homework? The mortality rate of an untreated bite is not exactly known but it is thought to be quite high. Correlation between annual activity patterns of venomous snakes and rural people in the Niger Delta, southern Nigeria. The King is also listed as an Appendix II Animal within the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Faune and Flora (CITES). +49-30-810 55 743, Email: support@cobras.org. The King Cobra habitat can also include fields or agricultural areas. They are also found on fruit plantations where they live in the trees. [11] This species is not able to "spit" its venom. The species possesses a post-synaptic neurotoxic venom that also contains components that disable the complement system of the immune response. While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control. 2004. [8], The forest cobra is an agile, diurnal species that climbs well and is one of the most aquatic of the true cobras of the genus Naja. Naja melanoleuca is the only African cobra that lives in high altitude forest, residing in a wide range of altitudes from sea level to 2800 m. Forest cobras are highly adaptable snakes, and its habitat varies depending on which part of its African range it is living in. Akani, G., N. Ebere, D. Franco, E. Eniang, F. Petrozzi, E. Politano, L. Luiselli. active during the day, 2. lasting for one day. Accessed It has been recorded taking mudskippers and in west Africa one specimen had eaten a Gifford's giant shrew, an insectivore with a smell so noxious that most other snakes would not touch it. Contributor Galleries Journal of Clinical Pathology, 22: 304-311. [8], The venom of this cobra is a postsynaptic neurotoxin and bites result in severe neurotoxicity. (Divers, 2015; Zug and Ernst, 2004), Naja melanoleuca helps control the population of rodents and other small mammals, which may be crop pests and potential vectors of human disease. Before mating, a pair of will "dance", raising their heads a foot or more off the ground and moving to and fro. Countries in which it occurs include: Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali, Senegal, Guinea, the Republic of Congo, Angola, and the Central African Republic. [9] Incubation period is anywhere from 55 to 70 days (or over 80 days in one captive study[12]) at temperatures of 27-30°C (81-86°F). In its western range, N. melanoleuca can be found in tropical and subtropical forests, savannahs, grasslands, and mangroves. New York, NY: Princeton University Press. living in residential areas on the outskirts of large cities or towns. Naja melanoleuca has many potential predators, and they are the most vulnerable when they are juveniles. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({ In certain areas it is fond of hiding along river banks, in overhanging root systems or bird holes, and in urban areas will hide in junk piles or unused buildings. Female forest cobras may stand guard and are irritable and aggressive during the breeding period. Forest cobras are diurnal in uninhabited areas and nocturnal in urban zones around human activity. Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Faune and Flora (CITES). Vegetation is made up mostly of grasses, the height and species diversity of which depend largely on the amount of moisture available. South Africa: Struik Publishers. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. [9], The forest cobras are snakes that are well adapted to many environments and the habitat of the forest cobra is strongly dependent on what part of its African range the snake originates from. It is found from Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, southeastern Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, and Gabon in western Africa to the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, and northern Angola in central Africa to western Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi in eastern Africa, and to fragmented parts of southern Africa, including the Natal. In Zimbabwe, N. melanoleuca occurs in both low and high-altitude forests, woodlands, thickets, and grasslands. They are able to strike very quickly, with great distance. Adults are light to medium shiny brown that darkens towards the tail, the latter often black. Forest cobras are frequently found near water, mainly rivers or streams, particularly in otherwise dry habitats such as savannas and grasslands. If the snake feels further threatened after these defensive postures, it will make an effort to bite. MacKay, N., J. Ferguson, G. McNicol. Additional support has come from the Marisla Foundation, UM College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Museum of Zoology, and Information and Technology Services. And if you haven’t visited our fascinating King Cobra Page – do it now! Nyanga, Zimbabwe). The molecules are then brought into the mouth and analyzed inside the Jacobson’s organ, which is located at the base of the nasal cavity. The venom has a LD50 value of 0.6 mg/kg and the average venom yield is 500 mg. The most deadly enemy to forest cobras is the mongoose. In the west African savannah, the color pattern consists of black and yellow bands with a black tail and yellow lips, throat, and chin. This snake is highly dangerous due to the amount of venom it can inject in a single bite and its aggressive nature and willingness to bite. the area in which the animal is naturally found, the region in which it is endemic. The King Cobra can be found across the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, as well as the southern areas of East Asia, and in islands such as Java and Borneo. uses smells or other chemicals to communicate, a substance used for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. The body is compressed dorsoventrally and sub-cylindrical posteriorly. sexual dimorphism), seasonal changes (e.g. Before I delve into the tips and tricks of buying Cobra car – let... © Copyright 2018 - Cobras.org. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Journal of Zoology, 272: 183-193. Of the African elapids, the forest cobra and the black mamba have this characteristic of being particularly aggressive. A terrestrial biome. For more fun facts and stories about the King of Cobras. scrub forests develop in areas that experience dry seasons. In India, King Cobras have been placed under the Wildlife Protection Act. Cobras live in Africa and Asia, preferring savannas, open woodlands, plains, rocky hillsides, forests and farming areas. gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate), Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, A Complete Guide to the Snakes of Southern Africa, Venomous Snakes of the World: A Manual for Use by U.S. Amphibious Forces, http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/exotic_and_laboratory_animals/reptiles/parasitic_diseases_of_reptiles.html.
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